Práticas de cuidado prestadas por enfermeiras da estratégia saúde da família ao usuário com tuberculose / Care practices provided by nurses of the family health strategy to users with tuberculosis / Prácticas de atención proporcionadas por las enfermeras de la estrategia de salud familiar a los usuarios con tuberculosis

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer as práticas de cuidado prestadas por enfermeiras às pessoas com tuberculose na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: pesquisa qualitativa descritiva, realizada com 11 enfermeiras de unidades de saúde da família do Rio Grande, RS - Brasil, no primeiro semestre de 2021. O convite ocorreu por telefonema, sendo agendada entrevista online. Os dados foram analisados segundo análise de conteúdo. Resultados: evidenciaram-se três categorias; Práticas relacionadas ao cuidado de enfermagem: obstáculos e equívocos, (Rel)Ações no cuidado de enfermagem ao usuário com TB, (Re)Pensando sobre as orientações prestadas ao usuário. As práticas de cuidado, pautavam-se no vínculo e no acolhimento ao usuário. Todavia, houve equívocos nas orientações e obstáculos no enfrentamento da doença. Foi observado modificação nas condutas e na percepção sobre a doença diante da pandemia de Covid-19. Conclusão: as boas práticas de cuidado, relacionais e técnicas, são atravessadas por dificuldades, sejam internas ou externas à unidade.

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the care practices provided by nurses to people with tuberculosis in the Family Health Strategy. Method: descriptive qualitative research, carried out with 11 nurses from family health units in the Rio Grande, RS - Brazil, in the first semester of 2021. The invitation was made by telephone and an online interview was scheduled. The data were analyzed according to content analysis. Results: three categories were evidenced; Practices related to nursing care: obstacles and misconceptions, (Rel)Actions in nursing care for the user with TB, (Re)Thinking about the guidelines provided to the user. The care practices were based on the bond and on welcoming the user. However, there were misunderstandings in the guidelines and obstacles in coping with the disease. A change was observed in the conduct and perception about the disease in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. Conclusion: good care practices, both relational and technical, are crossed by difficulties, whether internal or external to the unit.

RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer las prácticas de cuidados prestados por las enfermeras a las personas con tuberculosis en la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia. Método: investigación cualitativa descriptiva realizada con 11 enfermeros de unidades de salud familiar de Rio Grande, RS - Brasil, en el primer semestre de 2021. La invitación se hizo por teléfono y se programó una entrevista en línea. Los datos fueron analizados de acuerdo con el análisis de contenido. Resultados: se evidenciaron tres categorías: Prácticas relacionadas con los cuidados de enfermería: obstáculos y concepciones erróneas, (Rel)Acciones en los cuidados de enfermería al usuario con TB, (Re)Pensamiento sobre las orientaciones dadas al usuario. Las prácticas de cuidados se basaron en el vínculo y en la acogida al usuario. Sin embargo, hubo malentendidos en las orientaciones y obstáculos en el afrontamiento de la enfermedad. Se observó un cambio en la conducta y percepción de la enfermedad ante la pandemia del Covid-19. Conclusión: Las buenas prácticas asistenciales, tanto relacionales como técnicas, se ven atravesadas por dificultades, ya sean internas o externas a la unidad.

Completude dos dados do sistema de informações de tuberculose de pessoas privadas de liberdade do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil / Completeness of tuberculosis information system data from prisoners in the state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Resumo A tuberculose (TB) apresenta incidências elevadas em todo o mundo, sendo ainda mais grave em pessoas privadas de liberdade (PPL). Foi avaliada a completude das notificações de TB de PPL no SINAN realizadas por equipes de atenção primária prisional (eAPP) ou por outros estabelecimentos de saúde do RS. Estudo descritivo, transversal, utilizando dados de notificações de PPL feitas no SINAN TB pelas eAPP ou por outros estabelecimentos de saúde, de janeiro de 2014 a novembro de 2018. Foi analisado o percentual de completude das variáveis: sexo, raça/cor, escolaridade, HIV, tipo de entrada, baciloscopia de escarro, cultura do escarro, Aids, tratamento antirretroviral durante o tratamento para a TB, tratamento diretamente observado (TDO), baciloscopia de 6º mês e situação de encerramento. Praticamente 53% dos casos de TB em PPL foram notificados por eAPP, e 47,1% foram notificados por outros estabelecimentos de saúde. Oitenta por cento das variáveis foram classificadas na categoria 4 (75,1% a 100% de completude). No entanto, as variáveis TDO e baciloscopia de 6º mês foram classificadas na categoria 3 (50,1% e 75% de completude). Embora não comprometa a notificação da TB no SINAN, a ausência de dados pode prejudicar a qualidade das informações sobre a doença.

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) has a high incidence in several countries and is even more severe in prisoners. We evaluated the completeness of prisoners TB notifications in the Notifiable Disease Information System (SINAN) carried out by prison primary care teams (eAPP) or by other health facilities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). This descriptive cross-sectional study used prisoners data notifications in the SINAN TB by the eAPP or other health facilities from January 2014 to November 2018. We analyzed the percentage of completeness of the variables: gender, ethnicity, schooling, HIV, entry type, sputum smear, sputum culture, AIDS, ART during TB treatment, directly observed treatment (DOT), sixth-month smear, and closure status. Around 52.9% of TB cases in prisoners were reported by eAPP, and other health facilities reported 47.1% of the cases. Eighty percent of the variables were classified in category 4 (75.1% to 100% completeness). However, the DOT and sixth-month smear variables were classified into category 3 (50.1% and 75% completeness). While it does not compromise the notification of TB in the SINAN, the lack of data can impair the quality of information about the disease.

Rapid identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cultures by molecular and immunological methods / Identificação rápida de Mycobacterium tuberculosis em culturas por método molecular e método imunológico

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate molecular and immunological methods and to propose a workflow using them for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis routine. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed, including 121 liquid cultures from a TB laboratory located in the extreme south of Brazil. All cultures were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) by in-house Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using DNA extracted by the CTAB method (PCR-CTAB) for IS6110 detection. These cultures were subjected to faster tests than this one, the immunological MPT64 assay and the PCR using DNA extracted by thermal lysis method (PCR-TL), and these were evaluated for MTBC identification using PCR-CTAB as a reference method. Results: The sensitivity of MPT64 assay and PCR-TL to identify MTBC in positive cultures by PCR-CTAB were 73.6% (89/121) and 98.3% (119/121), respectively. We proposed a workflow based on the use of MPT64 assay in liquid cultures suggestive of MTBC, and in case of a negative result, we suggest the performance of PCR-TL. The PCR-CTAB is suggested only if faster tests are negative. Conclusions: Methods capable of confirming MTBC in cultures should continue to be standardized, tested, and optimized to meet the ideal requirements of simplicity, quickness, and effectiveness. The molecular and immunological methods evaluated have differences in the execution and detection of MTBC in cultures, but they are rapid tools for laboratory TB diagnosi

Objetivos: O estudo objetivou avaliar métodos molecular e imunológico e propor um fluxo de trabalho utilizando-os para a rotina de diagnóstico da tuberculose (TB). Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal retrospectivo, incluindo 121 culturas líquidas de um laboratório de TB localizado no extremo sul do Brasil. Todas as culturas foram positivas para o complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (CMTB) por Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) in-house para detecção do IS6110, usando DNA extraído pelo método CTAB (PCR-CTAB). Essas culturas foram submetidas a testes mais rápidos que este, o ensaio imunológico MPT64 e a PCR com DNA extraído pelo método de lise térmica (PCR-LT), e estas foram avaliadas para identificação de CMTB usando PCR-CTAB como método de referência. Resultados: A sensibilidade do ensaio MPT64 e da PCR-LT para identificar o CMTB em culturas positivas pela PCRCTAB foi de 73,6% (89/121) e 98,3% (119/121), respectivamente. Propusemos um fluxo de trabalho baseado no uso do ensaio MPT64 em culturas líquidas sugestivas de CMTB e, em caso de resultado negativo, sugerimos a realização de PCR-LT. Sugere-se a PCR-CTAB apenas se os testes mais rápidos forem negativos. Conclusões: Os métodos capazes de confirmar o CMTB em culturas devem continuar sendo padronizados, testados e otimizados para atender aos requisitos ideais de simplicidade, rapidez e eficácia. Os métodos molecular e imunológico avaliados apresentam diferenças na execução e detecção do CMTB em culturas, mas são ferramentas rápidas para o diagnóstico laboratorial da TB.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis in southern Brazil / Impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 no diagnóstico laboratorial de tuberculose no sul do Brasil / Impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en el diagnóstico de laboratorio de la tuberculosis en el sur de Brasil

Background and objectives: to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in different settings is essential to guide the establishment of appropriate TB control strategies. This study aimed to assess the influence of COVID-19 pandemic in laboratory diagnosis of TB in patients tested and diagnosed for TB. Methods: a data survey was carried out in the database of laboratories that perform TB diagnosis for the public health system in Rio Grande city (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Results: there was a decrease of 1,368 to 735 (reduction of 46.3%) in the number of patients tested for TB in public diagnostic services in 2019 and 2020, respectively, and a decrease of 197 to 119 (reduction of 39.6%) in the number of new TB cases diagnosed. In contrast, the positivity rate was 14.4% in 2019 and 16.2% in 2020. Moreover, it was observed that the laboratory that performs the diagnostic service for Primary Health Care was the most affected, when compared to Tertiary Health Care. Conclusion: as a consequence of measures to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2, there was a reduction in TB testing and in the detection of new cases, especially in Primary Health Care, where patients with less need for hospitalization are received.(AU)

Justificativa e objetivos: compreender o impacto da pandemia COVID-19 no diagnóstico da tuberculose (TB) em diferentes locais é essencial para orientar o estabelecimento de estratégias adequadas de controle da TB. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da pandemia de COVID-19 no diagnóstico laboratorial de TB, em pacientes testados e diagnosticados com TB. Métodos: foi realizado um levantamento de dados no banco de dados de laboratórios que realizam diagnóstico de TB para o sistema público de saúde na cidade de Rio Grande (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). Resultados: houve redução de 1.368 para 735 (redução de 46,3%) no número de pacientes testados para TB nos serviços públicos de diagnóstico em 2019 e 2020, respectivamente, e redução de 197 para 119 (redução de 39,6%) no número de novos casos de TB diagnosticados. Em contrapartida, a taxa de positividade foi de 14,4% em 2019 e 16,2% em 2020. Além disso, observou-se que o laboratório que realiza o serviço de diagnóstico para a Atenção Primária à Saúde foi o mais afetado, quando comparado com a Atenção Terciária à Saúde. Conclusão: como consequência das medidas de controle da disseminação do SARS-CoV-2, houve redução na testagem de TB e na detecção de novos casos, principalmente na atenção primária à saúde, onde são recebidos pacientes com menor necessidade de internação.(AU)

Justificación y objetivos: comprender el impacto de la pandemia Covid-19 en el diagnóstico de tuberculosis (TB) en diferentes lugares es fundamental para orientar el establecimiento de estrategias adecuadas de control de la TB. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el diagnóstico de laboratorio de TB, en términos de pacientes examinados y diagnosticados de TB. Métodos: los datos fueron recolectados de la base de datos de los laboratorios que realizan el diagnóstico de TB para el sistema público de salud en la ciudad de Rio Grande (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). Resultados: hubo una reducción de 1.368 a 735 (reducción del 46,3%) en el número de pacientes sometidos a pruebas de TB en los servicios públicos de diagnóstico en 2019 y 2020, respectivamente, y una reducción de 197 a 119 (reducción del 39,6%) en el número de nuevos casos de TB diagnosticados. Por otro lado, la tasa de positividad fue de 14,4% en 2019 y 16,2% en 2020. Además, se observó que el laboratorio que realiza el servicio de diagnóstico para la Atención Primaria de Salud fue el más afectado, en comparación con la Atención Terciaria de Salud. Conclusiones: como consecuencia de las medidas para el control de la propagación del SARS-CoV-2, hubo una reducción en las pruebas de TB y en la detección de nuevos casos, especialmente en la Atención Primaria de Salud, donde se encuentran los pacientes con menor necesidad de hospitalización.(AU)

Thesis and dissertations examining tuberculosis in Brazil between 2013 and 2019: an overview

ABSTRACT Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health problem, with approximately 10 million new cases reported annually. Knowledge about the quantitative evolution of theses and dissertations (T&Ds) examining human TB in Brazil can contribute to generating strategic planning for training professionals in this field and disease control. Therefore, this study highlights the role of T&Ds on TB in national scientific disclosures. Methods: An integrative review related to TB was performed, including T&Ds produced in Brazil and completed between 2013 and 2019. Results: A total of 559,457 T&Ds were produced, of which 1,342 were associated with TB, accounting for 0.24% of the total number of T&Ds in Brazil. This was evidenced by a predominance of themes such as attention/health care, epidemiology, and TB treatment, and 80.2% of the T&Ds on TB were related to the large areas of health and biological sciences. Only 19.7% of T&Ds were associated with groups of patients considered at risk for TB, and 50.9% were produced in southeastern Brazil. The 1,342 T&Ds on TB were developed in 416 postgraduate programs linked to 121 higher education institutions (HEIs). We highlight that 72.7% of T&Ds on TB were produced in federal HEIs, 27.4% in state HEIs, and 8.5% in private HEIs. Conclusions: Strategic themes, such as TB control, require public policies that aim to increase the number of doctors and masters with expertise in TB, with geographic uniformity, and in line with the priorities for disease control.

Tuberculosis in prison inmates in Southern Brazil: investigating the epidemiological and operational indicators

ABSTRACT Background: Tuberculosis is a worldwide public health problem and is more prevalent in specific populations, such as prisoners. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and operational indicators of tuberculosis in prisoners in a southern region of Brazil. Methods: This was a descriptive, observational study, utilizing secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System on tuberculosis cases diagnosed in prisoners in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, from 2014 to 2018. Prisoner data used to calculate incidence were extracted from reports by the National Penitentiary Department. Results: From 2014 to 2018, 3,557 tuberculosis cases were reported in Rio Grande do Sul prisoners. The incidence rate of tuberculosis in prisoners was 1,235/100,000 individuals in 2014 and 1,430/100,000 individuals in 2018. The proportion of new TB cases tested for HIV was high, 83.4% in this period; among those tested, 12.9% were HIV coinfected. The proportion of new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis confirmed by laboratory criteria was 52.6% in this period. In total, 18.4% of new pulmonary tuberculosis cases were initiated on directly observed treatment in this period, and 36.4% of contacts of new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with laboratory confirmation were examined. Among retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis cases, 82.4% were laboratory-confirmed. Conclusions: Tuberculosis incidence is increasing on a per-capita and absolute basis in Rio Grande do Sul. Laboratory confirmation, HIV testing, directly observed treatment, and contact investigation rates were all low, indicating the need to improve medical and public health measures for tuberculosis control in prisons.

Epidemiology and control strategies for tuberculosis in countries with the largest prison populations

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease, and its control is considered a challenge, especially among vulnerable populations such as prisoners. The occurrence of TB in prisons is an alarming public health problem in many countries. This integrative review aims to describe the epidemiology of TB and control strategies for this disease in countries with the largest prison populations. Studies have shown that it is essential to know the prevalence of TB in prisons of each country. This is because it can serve as an indication of the need for action in prisons to reduce TB rates, including improving the structure of prison environments, rapidly and accurately diagnosing new cases, identifying drug-resistant strains, and implementing effective and directly observed treatment for TB.

Helicobacter pylori infection and associated factors / Infecção por Helicobacter pylori e fatores associados / Infección por Helicobacter pylori y factores asociados

Background and Objectives: Helicobacter pylori is linked to gastroduodenal pathologies. To determine the frequency and potential risk factors of the H. pylori infection. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 227 patients, submitted to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A questionnaire was applied to the patients, before endoscopy. The biopsy specimens were obtained from the antrum and gastric body for histology and PCR. The chi-square test was used for the categorical data analysis. P-values<0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: 66.5% patients were positive for H. pylori. Based on the questionnaires applied to the patients, it was verified that marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, toilet, education level and monthly family income had no significant association with the presence of H. pylori (p>0.05). However, we observed a significant association between the number of persons per household and presence of H. pylori (p=0.04). A statistically significant relation also was found between H. pylori and the patient's age (p=0.04) and between the histological and endoscopic diagnoses and the H. pylori infection (p≤0.01). Conclusions: We found a significant relation between household crowding and presence of H. pylori, which seems facilitate the person-to-person transmission H. pylori within families. Our results also suggest a cohort phenomenon. The increase in the frequency of H. pylori infection according to age may be due the acquisition of bacterium predominantly in childhood, when the sanitary conditions were deficient, and not during adulthood. Once acquired and untreated, the persistent H. pylori infection might have led to the development of severe gastroduodenal diseases.(AU)

Drug resistance in helicobacter pylori / A resistência de Helicobacter pylori aos antimicrobianos

ABSTRACT Background Helicobacter pylori has a worldwide distribution and is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases of the digestive system. Treatment to eradicate this microorganism involves the use of a combination of antimicrobials, such as amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, and levofloxacin, combined with proton pump inhibitors. Although the current therapy is effective, a high rate of treatment failure has been observed, mainly because of the acquisition of point mutations, one of the major resistance mechanisms developed by H. pylori. This phenomenon is related to frequent and/or inappropriate use of antibiotics. Conclusion This review reported an overview of the resistance to the main drugs used in the treatment of H. pylori, confirming the hypothesis that antibacterial resistance is a highly local phenomenon and genetic characteristics of a given population can influence which therapy is the most appropriate.

RESUMO Contexto Helicobacter pylori tem uma distribuição a nível mundial, e está associado a patogênese de várias doenças do sistema digestivo. O tratamento para a erradicação deste microrganismo envolve a utilização de uma combinação de agentes antimicrobianos, tais como amoxicilina, metronidazol, claritromicina e levofloxacino, combinados com inibidores da bomba de prótons. Embora a terapia atual seja eficaz, uma elevada taxa de fracasso de tratamento tem sido observada, principalmente devido à aquisição de mutações pontuais, um dos principais mecanismos de resistência desenvolvida por H. pylori, relacionado com o uso frequente e/ou inadequado dos antibióticos. Conclusão Esta revisão abordou uma visão geral da resistência às principais drogas utilizadas no tratamento de H. pylori, confirmando a hipótese de que a resistência bacteriana é um fenômeno altamente local e as características genéticas de uma dada população podem influenciar qual terapia é a mais apropriada.

cagE as a biomarker of the pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori

Introduction Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastro-duodenal diseases. Genes related to pathogenicity have been described for H. pylori and some of them appear to be associated with more severe clinical outcomes of the infection. The present study investigates the role of cagE as a pathogenicity biomarker of H. pylori compare it to cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2 genes and correlate with endoscopic diagnoses. Methods Were collected biopsy samples of 144 dyspeptic patients at the Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. After collection, the samples were sent for histological examination, DNA extraction and detection of all putative pathogenicity genes by PCR. Results Of the 144 patients undergoing endoscopy, 57 (39.6%) presented H. pylori by histological examination and PCR by detection of the ureA gene. Based on the endoscopic diagnoses, 45.6% (26/57) of the patients had erosive gastritis, while 54.4% (31/57) had enanthematous gastritis. The genes cagA, cagE, vacAs1/m1, vacAs1/m2 and iceA1 were related to erosive gastritis, while the genes vacAs2/m2, iceA2 and babA2 were associated to enanthematous gastritis. We found a statistically significant association between the presence of cagE and the endoscopic diagnosis. However, we detect no statistically significant association between the endoscopic diagnosis and the presence of cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2, although a biological association has been suggested. Conclusions Thus, cagE could be a risk biomarker for gastric lesions and may contribute to a better evaluation of the H. pylori pathogenic potential and to the prognosis of infection evolution in the gastric mucosa. .

Evaluation of diagnostic methods for the detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy specimens of dyspeptic patients

Helicobacter pylori infects nearly 50% of the world's population. This microorganism is accepted as the most important agent of gastritis and as a risk factor for peptic ulcer disease and gastric adenocarcinoma. Currently many diagnostic methods exist for detecting H. pylori, however they all have limitations, thus it is recommend a combination of at least two methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic methods, such as in-house urease test, culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), for the detection of the H. pylori in gastric biopsy specimens of 144 dyspeptic patients, using as gold standard the association between histology and rapid urease test. According to the gold standard used in this study, 48 (33.3%) patients were infected with H. pylori, while 96 (66.7%) were classified as not infected. The in-house urease test and the PCR were the most sensitive methods (100%), followed by culture (85.4%). However, the in-house urease test and the culture were the most specific (100%), followed by PCR (75%). In conclusion, this study showed that, in comparison with the combination of histology and rapid urease test, the in-house urease test and the PCR presented 100% of sensitivity in the diagnosis of gastric infection by H. pylori, while the in-house urease test and the culture reached 100% of specificity. These finding suggest that the combination of two or more methods may improve the accuracy of the H. pylori detection.

Improving tuberculosis control through the partnership between university and the health system / Qualificar o controle da tuberculose mediante a parceria entre a Universidade e o Sistema de Saúde

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) control is linked to the availability of qualified methods for microbiological diagnostics; however, microscopy with limited sensitivity is the only method available in many locations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the introduction of culture, drug susceptibility testing (DST), and genotyping in the routine of a Municipal Program of Tuberculosis Control. METHODS: Direct microscopy of sputum and culture in Ogawa-Kudoh were performed on 1,636 samples from 787 patients. DST of positive cultures was performed by resazurin microtiter assay and genotyping by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeat. RESULTS: A total 91 patients with TB were identified. The culture increased case detection by 32% compared with the microscopy; acquired resistance was 3.3% and the genotyping showed high genetic diversity. CONCLUSIONS: Ogawa-Kudoh contributed significantly to the increase in case detection and is suitable for implementation in poor-resource locations. The acquired resistance rate was lower than that reported in a recent Brazilian survey. The high genetic diversity is possibly related to the high TB prevalence in the population, as well as to early detection and suitable treatment of patients. The interaction between research and health care is important for reorienting the practice, transferring technology, and improving TB control.

INTRODUÇÃO: O controle da tuberculose (TB) está relacionado com a disponibilidade de métodos de diagnóstico microbiológico qualificados, no entanto a microscopia com a sua limitada sensibilidade é o único método disponível em muitos locais.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a introdução da cultura, teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos (TSA) e genotipagem na rotina de um Programa Municipal de Controle da Tuberculose. MÉTODOS:A baciloscopia direta do escarro e cultura em Ogawa-Kudoh foram realizadas em 1.636 amostras de 787 pacientes. O TSA das culturas positivas foi realizado pelo método de microdiluição e a genotipagem por Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units - Variable Number Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR). RESULTADOS:Foram identificados 91 pacientes com TB, com a cultura aumentando em 32% a detecção de casos em comparação com a microscopia; a resistência adquirida foi de 3,3% e a genotipagem mostrou alta diversidade genética. CONCLUSÕES: O cultivo em Ogawa-Kudoh contribuiu significativamente para o aumento na detecção de casos e é adequado para ser implementado em locais com poucos recursos. A taxa de resistência adquirida foi menor do que a relatada em recente inquérito nacional. A alta diversidade genética está possivelmente relacionada à alevada prevalência de TB na população, detecção precoce e tratamento adequado dos pacientes.A interação entre a pesquisa e serviço de saúde pública é importante para reorientar a prática, transferir tecnologia e melhorar o controle da TB.